Banks Supervised by the ECB, by Country (2026)

Germany is home to 25 of the 109 banking groups the European Central Bank supervises directly, more than any other country, but the 12 significant institutions in France hold the most assets: EUR 10.24 trillion, 34.7% of the EUR 29.47 trillion that all significant institutions reported for the second quarter of 2026, according to ECB data. The 25 groups in Germany hold 18.8%, according to ECB statistics. According to the ECB's list, 6 groups are in its top size band, total assets above EUR 1,000 billion: Deutsche Bank AG (Germany), Banco Santander, S.A. (Spain), BNP Paribas S.A. (France), Crédit Agricole S.A. (France), Société Générale S.A. (France) and ING Groep N.V. (Netherlands).

The ECB's list of supervised entities, with a cut-off date of September 1, 2026, published October 23, 2026, names 109 significant banking groups and 798 entities within them, across 19 of the 21 countries in European banking supervision. Assets are from the ECB's supervisory banking statistics for the second quarter of 2026, in which significant institutions hold 85.5% of the EUR 34.45 trillion in assets of every bank under European banking supervision, according to the ECB. The shares on this page are Finantrix Atlas calculations from those figures.

ECB-supervised banks by country

Each row is one country, ordered by the number of groups the ECB supervises there. A group is counted in the country the ECB lists it under, which is where it is supervised. Assets are the total assets of the significant institutions in that country, at the highest level of consolidation, as the ECB's statistics report them; the ECB does not publish a figure that would identify a single bank.

† Includes the significant branches of banks from EU countries outside European banking supervision, which the ECB supervises directly. The ECB's statistics leave such branches out, so the country's assets do not include them.

Country	Groups supervised by the ECB	Of which significant by size	Group entities listed	Total assets of its significant institutions	Share of all significant institutions' assets	Significant institutions' share of the country's supervised bank assets	Source
Germany	25	25	57	EUR 5.55 trillion	18.8%	64.2%	ECB; ECB statistics
France	12	12	243	EUR 10.24 trillion	34.7%	98.5%	ECB; ECB statistics
Spain	10	10	53	EUR 4.18 trillion	14.2%	94.2%	ECB; ECB statistics
Italy	10	10	221	EUR 2.75 trillion	9.3%	88.9%	ECB; ECB statistics
Netherlands	7	7	20	EUR 2.63 trillion	8.9%	92.5%	ECB; ECB statistics
Austria	7	6	78	EUR 881 billion	3.0%	70.2%	ECB; ECB statistics
Ireland	5	5	10	EUR 733 billion	2.5%	88.4%	ECB; ECB statistics
Belgium	5	5	16	EUR 722 billion	2.5%	96.4%	ECB; ECB statistics
Finland	4 †	4	54	EUR 798 billion	2.7%	92.4%	ECB; ECB statistics
Greece	4	4	10	EUR 368 billion	1.2%	94.2%	ECB; ECB statistics
Lithuania	3	0	5	EUR 68.3 billion	0.2%	93.3%	ECB; ECB statistics
Latvia	3	1	6	EUR 62.8 billion	0.2%	93.2%	ECB; ECB statistics
Slovenia	3	0	5	EUR 57.8 billion	0.2%	92.0%	ECB; ECB statistics
Estonia	3	0	5	EUR 36.5 billion	0.1%	81.3%	ECB; ECB statistics
Luxembourg	2	2	2	not published	not published	not published	ECB; ECB statistics
Malta	2	0	5	not published	not published	not published	ECB; ECB statistics
Portugal	2	2	5	not published	not published	not published	ECB; ECB statistics
Bulgaria	1	0	1	not published	not published	not published	ECB; ECB statistics
Cyprus	1	0	2	not published	not published	not published	ECB; ECB statistics

Download this table (CSV), free. The full dataset, every entity in every group the ECB supervises directly, with its LEI, type, country and group, is one email away.

How the assets divide

• France, Germany and Spain together hold 67.8% of the assets of all significant institutions, according to ECB statistics for the second quarter of 2026.
• The ECB does not publish the total for Bulgaria, Cyprus, Luxembourg, Malta and Portugal, because the figure could identify a bank. Together, by Finantrix Atlas subtraction from the ECB's totals, those 5 countries hold EUR 395 billion, which is less than France alone.
• No significant group is headed in Croatia or Slovakia. The ECB's list names 13 entities established there, each part of a group headed in another country.

Why a bank is significant

The ECB supervises a bank directly when it meets one of the criteria in the SSM Regulation: total assets above EUR 30 billion, importance to its national economy or the EU, significant cross-border activities, direct financial assistance from the European Stability Mechanism or its predecessor, or being one of the three most significant banks in its country. The ECB can also decide to supervise any bank directly, according to the ECB's description of the criteria. The list gives one ground for each group, and for the 109 groups it gives 93 for size (total assets above EUR 30 billion), 9 for importance to the national economy, 5 for being among the three largest banks in its country, 1 for significant cross-border activities and 1 for an ECB decision to supervise it directly (Article 6(5)(b) of the SSM Regulation), according to the ECB.

• By the type the ECB records for each group's head entity, the 109 are 79 credit institutions, 22 financial holding companies, 4 mixed financial holding companies, 3 credit institutions (class 1 investment firms) and 1 branch, according to the ECB's list.
• 37 of the 109 groups have listed entities in more than one country, according to the ECB. ICCREA Banca S.p.A. - Istituto Centrale del Credito Cooperativo, listed under Italy, has the most, 114, according to the ECB.
• The ECB's list also names 2,117 less significant entities, which national supervisors oversee directly and the ECB indirectly.

Every group the ECB supervises directly

In the ECB's own order and numbering. The size band is the one the ECB prints in the ground for significance; the list gives no band for a group that is significant on another ground.

ECB no.	Group (head entity, as the ECB lists it)	Listed under	Head entity type	Ground for significance	Entities listed	Source
1	Belfius Banque SA / Belfius Bank NV / Belfius Bank SA	Belgium	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	1	ECB
2	Crelan SA / Crelan NV	Belgium	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	4	ECB
3	Investeringsmaatschappij Argenta NV / Société d'investissements Argenta SA / Investierungsgesellschaft Argenta AG	Belgium	mixed financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	3	ECB
4	KBC Group NV	Belgium	mixed financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 300-500 billion	7	ECB
5	The Bank of New York Mellon SA/NV	Belgium	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	1	ECB
6	DSK Bank AD	Bulgaria	credit institution	Among the three largest credit institutions in the Member State	1	ECB
7	Atlantic Lux HoldCo S.à r.l.	Germany (head established in Luxembourg)	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	3	ECB
8	Bayerische Landesbank	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	2	ECB
9	Citigroup Global Markets Europe AG	Germany	credit institution (class 1 investment firm)	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	1	ECB
10	COMMERZBANK Aktiengesellschaft	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 500-1,000 billion	3	ECB
11	DekaBank Deutsche Girozentrale	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 75-100 billion	2	ECB
12	Deutsche Apotheker- und Ärztebank eG	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	1	ECB
13	Deutsche Bank AG	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets above EUR 1,000 billion	8	ECB
14	Deutsche Pfandbriefbank AG	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	1	ECB
15	DZ BANK AG Deutsche Zentral-Genossenschaftsbank	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 500-1,000 billion	7	ECB
16	Erwerbsgesellschaft der S-Finanzgruppe mbH & Co. KG	Germany	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	3	ECB
17	Goldman Sachs Bank Europe SE	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	1	ECB
18	Hamburg Commercial Bank AG	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	1	ECB
19	HASPA Finanzholding	Germany	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	2	ECB
20	J.P. Morgan SE	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 300-500 billion	1	ECB
21	KfW Beteiligungsholding GmbH	Germany	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	2	ECB
22	Landesbank Baden-Württemberg	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 300-500 billion	2	ECB
23	Landesbank Hessen-Thüringen Girozentrale	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	4	ECB
24	LBS Landesbausparkasse Süd	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	1	ECB
25	Morgan Stanley Europe SE	Germany	credit institution (class 1 investment firm)	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	2	ECB
26	Münchener Hypothekenbank eG	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	1	ECB
27	Norddeutsche Landesbank -Girozentrale-	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	2	ECB
28	State Street Europe Holdings Germany S.à.r.l. & Co. KG	Germany	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	3	ECB
29	UBS Europe SE	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	1	ECB
30	Volkswagen Financial Services AG	Germany	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	2	ECB
31	Wüstenrot Bausparkasse Aktiengesellschaft	Germany	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	1	ECB
32	AS LHV Group	Estonia	financial holding company	National economic importance (quantitative assessment - GDP)	2	ECB
33	AS SEB Pank	Estonia	credit institution	National economic importance (quantitative assessment - GDP)	1	ECB
34	Luminor Holding AS	Estonia	financial holding company	National economic importance (quantitative assessment - GDP)	2	ECB
35	AIB Group plc	Ireland	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	4	ECB
36	Bank of America Europe Designated Activity Company	Ireland	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 75-100 billion	1	ECB
37	Bank of Ireland Group plc	Ireland	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	3	ECB
38	Barclays Bank Ireland plc	Ireland	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	1	ECB
39	Citibank Europe plc	Ireland	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	1	ECB
40	ALPHA BANK S.A.	Greece	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	2	ECB
41	Eurobank S.A.	Greece	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	4	ECB
42	National Bank of Greece S.A.	Greece	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 75-100 billion	2	ECB
43	Piraeus Bank S.A.	Greece	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 75-100 billion	2	ECB
44	ABANCA Corporación Bancaria, S.A.	Spain	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 75-100 billion	2	ECB
45	Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, S.A.	Spain	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 500-1,000 billion	4	ECB
46	Banco de Crédito Social Cooperativo, S.A.	Spain	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	19	ECB
47	Banco de Sabadell, S.A.	Spain	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	2	ECB
48	Banco Santander, S.A.	Spain	credit institution	Size: total assets above EUR 1,000 billion	17	ECB
49	Bankinter, S.A.	Spain	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	2	ECB
50	CaixaBank, S.A.	Spain	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 500-1,000 billion	4	ECB
51	Ibercaja Banco, S.A.	Spain	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	1	ECB
52	Kutxabank, S.A.	Spain	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	1	ECB
53	Unicaja Banco, S.A.	Spain	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 75-100 billion	1	ECB
54	BNP Paribas S.A.	France	credit institution	Size: total assets above EUR 1,000 billion	23	ECB
55	BofA Securities Europe SA	France	credit institution (class 1 investment firm)	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	1	ECB
56	BPCE S.A.	France	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 500-1,000 billion	66	ECB
57	Bpifrance	France	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	1	ECB
58	Confédération Nationale du Crédit Mutuel	France	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 500-1,000 billion	40	ECB
59	Crédit Agricole S.A.	France	credit institution	Size: total assets above EUR 1,000 billion	71	ECB
60	HSBC Continental Europe	France	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	3	ECB
61	La Banque Postale	France	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 300-500 billion	3	ECB
62	Promontoria 19 Coöperatie U.A.	France (head established in Netherlands)	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	7	ECB
63	RCI Banque SA	France	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	2	ECB
64	SFIL S.A.	France	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	2	ECB
65	Société Générale S.A.	France	credit institution	Size: total assets above EUR 1,000 billion	24	ECB
66	Banca Mediolanum S.p.A.	Italy	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	2	ECB
67	BANCA MONTE DEI PASCHI DI SIENA S.p.A.	Italy	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	6	ECB
68	Banco BPM S.p.A.	Italy	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	3	ECB
69	BPER Banca S.p.A.	Italy	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	6	ECB
70	Cassa Centrale Banca - Credito Cooperativo Italiano S.p.A.	Italy	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 75-100 billion	66	ECB
71	Credito Emiliano Holding S.p.A.	Italy	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	3	ECB
72	FinecoBank S.p.A.	Italy	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	1	ECB
73	ICCREA Banca S.p.A. - Istituto Centrale del Credito Cooperativo	Italy	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	114	ECB
74	Intesa Sanpaolo S.p.A.	Italy	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 500-1,000 billion	10	ECB
75	UniCredit S.p.A.	Italy	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 500-1,000 billion	10	ECB
76	Bank of Cyprus Holdings Public Limited Company	Cyprus (head established in Ireland)	financial holding company	National economic importance (quantitative assessment - GDP)	2	ECB
77	AS "SEB banka"	Latvia	credit institution	Among the three largest credit institutions in the Member State	1	ECB
78	AS “Citadele banka”	Latvia	credit institution	Among the three largest credit institutions in the Member State	1	ECB
79	Swedbank Baltics AS	Latvia	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	4	ECB
80	AB Artea bankas	Lithuania	credit institution	Article 6(5)(b) of Regulation (EU) No 1024/2013	1	ECB
81	AB SEB bankas	Lithuania	credit institution	Among the three largest credit institutions in the Member State	1	ECB
82	Revolut Holdings Europe UAB	Lithuania	financial holding company	National economic importance (quantitative assessment - GDP)	3	ECB
83	Banque et Caisse d’Epargne de l’Etat, Luxembourg	Luxembourg	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	1	ECB
84	Banque Internationale à Luxembourg S.A.	Luxembourg	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	1	ECB
85	Bank of Valletta plc	Malta	credit institution	National economic importance (quantitative assessment - GDP)	1	ECB
86	CREDITAS B.V.	Malta (head established in Netherlands)	financial holding company	National economic importance (quantitative assessment - GDP)	4	ECB
87	ABN AMRO Bank N.V.	Netherlands	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 300-500 billion	5	ECB
88	ASN Bank N.V.	Netherlands	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	1	ECB
89	BNG Bank N.V.	Netherlands	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	1	ECB
90	Coöperatieve Rabobank U.A.	Netherlands	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 500-1,000 billion	3	ECB
91	ING Groep N.V.	Netherlands	mixed financial holding company	Size: total assets above EUR 1,000 billion	6	ECB
92	Nederlandse Waterschapsbank N.V.	Netherlands	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 75-100 billion	1	ECB
93	RBS Holdings N.V.	Netherlands	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	3	ECB
94	Addiko Bank AG	Austria	credit institution	Significant cross-border activities	3	ECB
95	BAWAG Group AG	Austria	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	3	ECB
96	Erste Group Bank AG	Austria	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 300-500 billion	53	ECB
97	Raiffeisen Bank International AG	Austria	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 150-300 billion	6	ECB
98	Raiffeisenbankengruppe OÖ Verbund eGen	Austria	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	2	ECB
99	RAIFFEISEN-HOLDING NIEDERÖSTERREICH-WIEN registrierte Genossenschaft mit beschränkter Haftung	Austria	financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	2	ECB
100	Volksbank Wien AG	Austria	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	9	ECB
101	Banco Comercial Português, S.A.	Portugal	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	2	ECB
102	Caixa Geral de Depósitos, S.A.	Portugal	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	3	ECB
103	AikGroup (CY) Limited	Slovenia (head established in Cyprus)	financial holding company	Among the three largest credit institutions in the Member State	2	ECB
104	Nova Ljubljanska banka d.d., Ljubljana	Slovenia	credit institution	National economic importance (quantitative assessment - GDP)	1	ECB
105	OTP Luxembourg S.à.r.l.	Slovenia (head established in Luxembourg)	financial holding company	National economic importance (quantitative assessment - GDP)	2	ECB
106	Danske Bank A/S, Finland Branch	Finland	branch	Size: total assets EUR 30-50 billion	1	ECB
107	Kuntarahoitus Oyj	Finland	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 50-75 billion	1	ECB
108	Nordea Bank Abp	Finland	credit institution	Size: total assets EUR 500-1,000 billion	3	ECB
109	OP Osuuskunta	Finland	mixed financial holding company	Size: total assets EUR 100-150 billion	49	ECB

What this means for technology buyers

A bank under direct ECB supervision files the EU's supervisory reports, the returns the ECB's statistics are compiled from, and is held to the supervisory standards the ECB sets. That shapes what its regulatory reporting, payments and sanctions systems must do. These guides compare the options side by side:

• Regulatory reporting platforms for Basel compliance: capital, liquidity and leverage reporting.
• SWIFT and ISO 20022 migration tools: the messaging standard behind cross-border payments.
• Sanctions screening for global banks: screening across many countries and lists.
• Treasury and liquidity management: the liquidity positions supervisors ask about.

Mapping what a bank does before choosing the systems? The Retail Bank Business Capability Model lays out the capabilities a retail bank runs on.

More from Finantrix Atlas

• Largest banks in the US
• Largest bank holding companies
• Account ownership around the world

How this list was built

The universe is every numbered group in Part A of the ECB's list of supervised entities, with a cut-off date of September 1, 2026: the significant institutions the ECB supervises directly. Each group is one row, at the highest level of consolidation, under the country heading the ECB gives it, with its head entity's type and ground for significance as the ECB prints them. The ECB's own count in the list is 109, and so is the count on its list page; this parse reproduces both.

Assets are the total assets of significant institutions by country in the ECB's supervisory banking statistics for the second quarter of 2026, quarter-end June 30, 2026. The ECB's statistics count 108 significant institutions. For every country, that count equals the groups the list names there, once significant branches (1 on the list) are left out, as the ECB's methodological note says the statistics do for branches of banks from EU countries outside European banking supervision. Significant and less significant institutions add up to the statistics' total for all supervised institutions. Shares are Finantrix Atlas calculations; the ECB's figures are used unmodified.

Limits

• The countries in European banking supervision, not the whole continent. The ECB's list covers the 21 countries that take part in European banking supervision. A bank headquartered anywhere else is on it only through branches or subsidiaries in those countries.
• No assets for any single bank. The ECB's list prints a size band, not a balance sheet, and only for groups that are significant because of size. This page therefore ranks no bank. A group's subsidiaries in other countries in European banking supervision are counted in the country where the group is headed.
• Suppressed countries. The ECB withholds a statistic that covers fewer than three banks or is dominated by one, according to its methodological note. Those countries show "not published" and are left out of every share of one country.
• Two dates. The list reflects decisions in force by September 1, 2026; the statistics describe June 30, 2026. A merger or reclassification between the two dates would make a country's two counts differ, and the build checks that they do not.
• Names as the ECB lists them. A group is named by its head entity, which can be a holding company rather than the bank's brand, and several names in one cell are the same entity's names in different languages.

Cite this

Free to quote, cite and republish, including the chart, with credit to Finantrix Atlas and a link to this page. The underlying figures are the ECB's; cite them as "Source: ECB".

Germany is home to 25 of the 109 banking groups the ECB supervises directly, while the significant institutions in France hold 34.7% of their assets, according to a Finantrix Atlas analysis of ECB data.

Suggested citation: Finantrix Atlas, "Banks Supervised by the ECB, by Country," list cut-off September 1, 2026 and statistics for the second quarter of 2026, from the European Central Bank's list of supervised entities and Supervisory Banking Statistics. https://www.finantrix.com/articles/banks-supervised-by-the-ecb

Embed the chart:

<a href="https://www.finantrix.com/articles/banks-supervised-by-the-ecb"><img src="https://www.finantrix.com/atlas/banks-supervised-by-the-ecb.png" alt="Total assets of ECB-supervised banks by country, from Finantrix Atlas, from ECB data"></a>
<p>Chart: <a href="https://www.finantrix.com/articles/banks-supervised-by-the-ecb">Finantrix Atlas</a>, from ECB data.</p>

Frequently asked questions

Q: How many banks does the ECB supervise directly? A: 109 banking groups, with 798 entities within them, according to the ECB's list of supervised entities with a cut-off date of September 1, 2026.

Q: Which country has the most banks supervised by the ECB? A: Germany, with 25 groups, followed by France with 12, according to the ECB's list.

Q: What makes a bank significant under European banking supervision? A: Meeting one of the criteria in the SSM Regulation, most often total assets above EUR 30 billion; according to the ECB's list, 93 of the 109 groups are significant because of their size.

Q: What share of bank assets do the significant institutions hold? A: 85.5% of the assets of every bank under European banking supervision, according to ECB statistics for the second quarter of 2026.